1. Preheat Before Welding

Preheating before welding and heat treatment after welding are very important to ensure welding quality. The welding of important components, the welding of alloy steel and the welding of thick parts all require preheating before welding. The main functions of preheating before welding are as follows:

(1) Preheating can slow down the cooling rate after welding, facilitate the escape of diffuse hydrogen in the weld metal, and avoid hydrogen-induced cracks. At the same time, it also reduces the hardening degree of the weld and heat-affected zone, and improves the crack resistance of the welded joint.

(2) Preheating can reduce welding stress. Uniform local preheating or overall preheating can reduce the temperature difference (also called temperature gradient) between the workpieces to be welded in the welding area. In this way, on the one hand, the welding stress is reduced, and on the other hand, the welding strain rate is reduced, which is helpful to avoid welding cracks.

(3) Preheating can reduce the constraint of the welded structure, especially the constraint of corner joints. As the preheating temperature increases, the crack incidence rate decreases.

2. Post-Weld Heat Treatment

The purpose of post-weld heat treatment is threefold: eliminate hydrogen, eliminate welding stress, and improve the weld structure and overall performance.

Post-weld hydrogen elimination treatment refers to the low-temperature heat treatment performed after the welding is completed and the weld has not yet cooled to below 100°C. The general specification is to heat to 200~350℃ and keep warm for 2-6 hours. The main function of post-weld hydrogen elimination treatment is to accelerate the escape of hydrogen in the weld and heat-affected zone, and is extremely effective in preventing welding cracks during welding of low-alloy steel.

During the welding process, due to the uneven heating and cooling, as well as the constraints or external constraints of the component itself, welding stress will always be generated in the component after the welding work is completed. The existence of welding stress in components will reduce the actual load-bearing capacity of the welded joint area and cause plastic deformation. In severe cases, it will also cause damage to the component.

Stress relief heat treatment is to reduce the yield strength of the welded workpiece under high temperature to achieve the purpose of relaxing the welding stress. There are two commonly used methods: one is overall high-temperature tempering, that is, placing the entire weldment into a heating furnace, slowly heating it to a certain temperature, then keeping it warm for a period of time, and finally cooling it in the air or in the furnace. This method can eliminate 80%-90% of welding stress. Another method is local high-temperature tempering, that is, only heating the weld and its surrounding area, and then slowly cooling it to reduce the peak value of the welding stress and make the stress distribution relatively gentle, thereby partially eliminating the welding stress.

After welding of some alloy steel materials, the welded joints will have hardened structures, which will deteriorate the mechanical properties of the materials. In addition, this hardened structure may cause joint damage under the action of welding stress and hydrogen. If after heat treatment, the metallographic structure of the joint is improved, the plasticity and toughness of the welded joint are improved, thereby improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of the welded joint.

Zhouxiang Enterprise

Specializing in the production of H-beam light and heavy steel production line, box beam production line, horizontal production line, double-splicing welding and straightening automatic line, all kinds of automated customized assembly line; including CNC flame plasma cutting machine, fiber laser flat cutting machine, laser pipe cutting machine, tube and plate integrated machine, hand-held laser welding machine, H-beam assembling machine, gantry submerged arc welding machine, H-beam straightening machine, shot blasting machine, H-Beam assembly welding and straightening integrated machine, welding special machine, auxiliary machine, rolling machine, profile bending machine, various welding machines, etc,

Made by Zhouxiang, professional quality, high precision, high speed.

Leading technology, stable quality, products sell well at home and abroad.